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^{GREEK AND ROMAN MYTHOLOGY} ^{The land where Western Art and Architecture made its beginnings...A culture whose traditions, beliefs and legends survived for centuries..living with us today...}

^{Here we will be observing various mythological traditions, beliefs and stories of ancient Greeks and Romans. Inorder to understand the stories, one should have a basic knowledge of the characters who take place in the mythology. Gods, Giants, Heroes and various creatures appear in the mythological stories of these ancient people.}

^{Gaea(Earth), Uranus(Sky), Cronus(son of Uranus, Time), Rhea (wife of Cronus), Oceanus(unending stream of water), Tethys (wife of Oceanus), Hyperion (light), Mnemosyne (memory), Themis (justice and order), Iapetus (father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas), Coeus (intelligence), Crius, Phoebe (moon, mother of Leto), Thea, Prometheus (forethought, wisest titan,fortell future, protector and benifactor of man), Epimetheus (afterthought, most stupid titan), Atlas (hold up the world on his back), Metis (Titaness of the forth day and the planet Mercury, mother of Athena) are the Titans, who are the Elder Gods ruled by Cronus, who ruled the earth before the Olympians defeated them.}

^{Zeus (sky,rain god), Poseidon (lord of the sea), Hades (lord of the underworld), Hestia (Goddess of the Hearth), Hera (protector of marriage and married women, wife of Zeus), Ares (god of war), Athena (goddess of the city, handicrafts, and agriculture), Apollo (god of music,healing,light,truth), Aphrodite (goddess of love, desire and beauty), Hermes (messenger of Zeus, god of thieves and commerce,invented the lyre,the pipes,the musical scale,astronomy ,weights and measures,boxing,gymnastics,the care of olive trees), Artemis (lady of the wild things, goddess of chastity, protector of the young), Hephaestus (god of fire and the forge) are the main twelve Olympian Gods, having Zeus as their leader.}

^{Demeter (godess of corn, grain, and the harvest), Persephone (wife of Hades, queen of the underworld), Dionysus (god of vine,who could bring a dead person out of the underworld so linked with rebirth after death), Eros (god of love), Hebe (goddess of youth, wife of Hercules), Eris (goddess of discord), Helios (sun), Thanatos (god of death), Pan (god of goatherds and shepherds, son of Hermes), Nemesis (righteous anger, due enactment, or devine vengence), Aglaia (Splendor), Euphrosyne (Mirth), Thalia (Good Cheer), Clio (History), Urania (Astronmy), Melpomene (Tragedy), Thalia (Comedy), Terpsichore (Dance), Calliope (Epic Poetry), Erato (Love Poetry), Polyhymnia (Songs to the Gods), Euterpe (Lyric Poetry), Erinnyes (one of four Furies), Tisiphone (one of four Furies), Megaera (one of four Furies), Alecto (one of four Furies), Clotho (the spinner, who spins the thread of life, one of three Fate gods), Lachesis (the measurer, who choses the lot in life one will have and measures off how long it is to be, one of three Fate gods), Atropos (who can not be turn, who at death with her shears cuts the tread of life, one of three Fate gods), Eos (goddess of the dawn),Boreas (the North Winds), Euros (the East Wind),Notos (the South Wind), Zephyrus (the West Wind), Phosphor (personification of the morning star), Tyche (goddess of luck, holds a double sided rudder and a cornucopia), Hecate (only Titan who retained her power after Zeus' victory having three heads and three bodies, a goddess of the underworld who taught sorcery and lived near the tombs of the victims of murder), Hymen (torch-bearing god of marriage), Iris (goddess of the rainbow), Nike (goddess of Victory), can be counted as the lesser-gods, having various powers.}

^{Hermes with an infant at left.
Hebe and Hercules are marrying at right.}

^{Cyclopes (one eyed monsters,three of them existed representing thunder, lighting and the lighting bolt), Hecatoncheires (gigantic creatures with fifty heads and one hundred arms, three existed called Aegaeon,Cottus and Gyges), Giants (creatures generated from Uranus' blood resulting from his castration by Cronus), Ash Tree Nymphs (creatures generated from Uranus' blood resulting from his castration by Cronus), Typhoeus (a fire breathing dragon with a hundred heads that never rest, burried under mt.Etna), Cerberus (three headed dog with a dragon tail which guards the entrance to the underworld), Sirens (sisters who lure sailors to their death), Centaur (creatures with human torso, human head and a horse body), Icarus (son of Daedalus, Athenian Craftsmen, in excile at Crete), Hydra (many-headed serpent with the body of a hound), Medusa (most beautiful of the three gorgons and the only one who was mortal, with snake hair), Minotaur (evil and hateful monster that had the head and shoulders of a bull and the body of a man, living in a labyrinth in Crete), Pegasus (shining white horse with wings), Typhon (hundred-headed giant conceived by Gaia and Tartarus to get revenge on Zeus for imprisoning the titans in Tartarus' underworld kingdom), Talos (bronze giant made by Hephaestos), Echidne (half-woman, half-monster who gave birth to six other monsters), Charon (ferryman who rowed the dead across the River Styx into the underworld), Procrustes (robber in the myth of Theseus), Stymphalians (birds which stole the tipped feathers which they used to kill both men and other animals), Tantalus (son of Zeus and the Titan Pluto), Chimera (fire-breathing monster with the head of a lion, body of a goat and tail of a serpent), Python (giant snake who worked for Hera) can be counted as the main creatures and important characters which has been mentioned in Greek and Roman Mythologies, which appear in a large span of stories.}

^{Jason (son of Aeson and Polymele, serached for the golden fleece, so he could dethrone Pelias) ,Perseus ( son of Zeus, slayer of Medusa), Hercules (strongest of all mortals, last mortal son of Zeus, became god after death), Bellerophon (son of Eurynome, wife of Glaucus, by Poseidon, known with his offense to the gods), Atalanta (left in woods by father and raised by a bear, man-like) , Meleager (Son of King Oeneus of of Calydon and Althaea), Theseus (cousin of Hercules, hero of Athens) and Odysseus (king of Ithaca) can be count as the main Heroes of the Greek and Roman Mythology,each having their special epics. Hercules being a demi-god appear in various different stories with others have their partially historical stories like the Golden Fleece, Battle of Troy (Illiad and Odyssey) etc. special to them.}

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